Linux Commands
Revision as of 22:53, 7 February 2015 by 96.49.84.48 (talk)
- RPM Version Info:
rpm -qa foo
- Shutdown X11:
init 3
- Reboot the System:
init 6
- Mount a CDROM:
mount /dev/cdrom
- Unmount a CDROM:
umount /dev/cdrom
- List Start Up Scripts:
chkconfig --list
- Turn On Start Up Script:
chkconfig service start
- Turn Off Start Up Script:
chkconfig service off
- Get the kernel version by typing
uname -r
- Format USB Device to Vfat
mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sda1
- How to create tarball's assuming your directory is called foo:</pre>
tar -cvzf foo.tar.gz /dir/foo
- Add user to Virtual Postfix Database:</pre>
postmap virtual
- Enable RAID1 Mirroring ndas:
ndasadmin enable -s 1 -o w 2
- Reload Postfix:
postfix reload
- Produces Postfix Queue List:
postqueue -p
- Also Produces Postfix Queue List:
mailq
- Flush Postfix Queues:
postqueue -f
- Remote Desktop for Windows (toggle -f on or off for fullscreen):
rdesktop -g 1152x768 -a 24 -b -f mail
- Unzip bz2 files:
bzip2 -cd files.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
- Show program install path:
which {program}
- Removes mail from mail queue
postsuper -d {queue id}>
- Displays Hardware info from BIOS (must have installed dmidecode installed)
dmidecode
- To get a Network list of current IP/Hostname's, type the following on the command line:
dig axfr hosthame
- or to sort by IP type:
dig axfr hostname |grep IN | egrep A |sort -n -k 5 -k 7 -t .
- Type the following to setup rpmq to find true kernel version
alias rpmq='rpm --qf '\''%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}.%{ARCH}\n'\'' -q'
- Type the following to determine the kernel version
rpmq kernel
- List all PCI Devices:
lspci
- Reload named:
rndc reload
- Create Database:
create database {DATABASE NAME};
- Create Database Privileges:
grant all privileges on {DATABASE NAME}.* to {DATABASE USER}@localhost identified by '{DATABASE PASSWORD}';
- Set Privileges:
flush privileges;
- Netstat IP,PORTS
netstat -tnap
- Create QEMU Disk Images:
qemu-img create -f qcow {name}.img 3G
- Install OS on QEMU Drive Image via CD-ROM
qemu -cdrom /dev/cdrom -hda {name}.img -m {memsize} -boot d
- Install OS on QEMU Drive Image via IMAGE
qemu -cdrom {name}.iso -hda {name}.img -m {memsize} -boot d
- Run QEMU Disk Images with Sound (Blaster16):
qemu -hda {name}.img -m {memsize} -soundhw es1370 -localtime
- Move seamless between host and guest
qemu -hda {name}.img -m {memsize} -soundhw es1370 -localtime -usb -usbdevice tablet
- Resize AVI Files (--export_asr 3 is widescreen and --export_asr 2 is fullscreen)
transcode -i INPUT.avi -y ffmpeg,ffmpeg -F mpeg4 -Z 320x,fast --export_asr 2 -o OUTPUT.avi -E 44100,16,2 -b 256
- Start NetworkManager GUI Applet
nm-applet &
- Set Password for MySQL Root
mysqladmin -u root password new-password
- Remove User account and Home dir
userdel -r {username}
- Mount an ISO image
mount -o loop -t iso9660 filename.iso /mnt/iso
- Create random passwords
head /dev/urandom | strings
- Show partions on a drive
sfdisk -l
- You want to download all the GIFs from an HTTP directory. The command doesn't work since HTTP retrieval does not support globbing. In that case, use:
wget -r -l1 --no-parent -A.gif http://host/dir/
- How to rsync
rsync -r -a -v -e "ssh -l {username}" --delete {remote machine}:/dir /dir
- How to check memory
ps -eo pid,ppid,rss,vsize,pcpu,pmem,cmd -ww --sort=pid
- How to search and replace recursively within files
find . -type f -exec sed -i s/search/replace/g {} +
- How to convert Flac to MP3
for file in *.flac; do flac -cd "$file" | lame -h - "${file%.flac}.mp3"; done
- How to check 3ware Hardware RAID status:
tw_cli /c0 show
- Dirvish Vault first init
dirvish -vault ''vaultname'' --init
- CIFS mount:
mount -o username=username,password=1234,uid=username,gid=groupname,iocharset=utf8,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777,noperm //host/disk /mnt/NAS/
- How to install all development tools:
yum groups install "Development Tools"
apt-get install build-essential
- How to enable ndadmin slot:
ndasadmin enable -s 1 -o w
- How to install Debian Kernel headers:
apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)
- How to find the largest file/directory human readable from your current directory:
du -hsx * | sort -rh | head -10
- How to list all installed PERL modules:
perl -MFile::Find=find -MFile::Spec::Functions -Tlwe 'find { wanted => sub { print canonpath $_ if /\.pm\z/ }, no_chdir => 1 }, @INC'
- GLOBAL REPLACE in the files (change call to mall in all *.kumac files):
awk '{gsub("call", "mall", $0); print > FILENAME}' *.kumac
- The fastest way to scan all your computers/network subnet for open ports ever:
nmap -T5 192.168.1.0/24
- Convert virtual image files:
ovftool --lax input.ovf output.vmx
- How to extract CPIO file:
cpio -id < filename
- How to create a CPIO file:
find . | cpio --create --format='filename' > /tmp/newinitrd
- How to all kernel mods:
find /lib/modules/*/ -type f -iname '*.ko' | less
- Find binaries only in a directory:
find -type f -executable -exec sh -c 'test "$(head -c 2 "$1")" != "#!"' sh {} \; -print
- Convert VMware to KVM:
qemu-img convert -O vmwareImage.vmdk kvmImage.qcow2
- How to replace space with new line:
'tr ' ' '\n' < fileName
- How to reinstall GRUB2 Debian:
apt-get install --reinstall grub2-efi-amd64