Difference between revisions of "Linux Commands"

Revision as of 12:48, 11 May 2013

RPM Version Info:
- ```
rpm -qa foo
```
Shutdown X11:
- ```
init 3
```
Reboot the System:
- ```
init 6
```
Mount a CDROM:
- ```
mount /dev/cdrom
```
Unmount a CDROM:
- ```
umount /dev/cdrom
```
List Start Up Scripts:
- ```
chkconfig --list
```
Turn On Start Up Script:
- ```
chkconfig service start
```
Turn Off Start Up Script:
- ```
chkconfig service off
```
Get the kernel version by typing
- ```
uname -r
```
Format USB Device to Vfat
- ```
 mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sda1
```
How to create tarball's assuming your directory is called foo:
- ```
tar -cvzf foo.tar.gz /dir/foo
```
Add user to Virtual Postfix Database:
- ```
postmap virtual
```
Reload Postfix:
- ```
 postfix reload
```
Produces Postfix Queue List:
- ```
 postqueue -p
```
Also Produces Postfix Queue List:
- ```
mailq
```
Flush Postfix Queues:
- ```
 postqueue -f
```
Remote Desktop for Windows (toggle -f on or off for fullscreen):
- ```
rdesktop -g 1152x768 -a 24 -b -f mail
```
Unzip bz2 files:
- ```
bzip2 -cd files.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
```
Show program install path:
- ```
which {program}
```
Removes mail from mail queue
- ```
postsuper -d {queue id}>
```
Displays Hardware info from BIOS (must have installed dmidecode installed)
- ```
dmidecode
```
To get a Network list of current IP/Hostname's, type the following on the command line:
- ```
dig axfr hosthame
```

or to sort by IP type:

dig axfr hostname |grep IN | egrep A |sort -n  -k 5 -k 7 -t .

Type the following to setup rpmq to find true kernel version

alias rpmq='rpm --qf '\''%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}.%{ARCH}\n'\'' -q'

Create Database Privileges:

grant all privileges on {DATABASE NAME}.* to {DATABASE USER}@localhost identified by '{DATABASE PASSWORD}';

Install OS on QEMU Drive Image via CD-ROM

qemu -cdrom /dev/cdrom -hda {name}.img -m {memsize} -boot d

Install OS on QEMU Drive Image via IMAGE

qemu -cdrom {name}.iso -hda {name}.img -m {memsize} -boot d

Run QEMU Disk Images with Sound (Blaster16):

qemu -hda {name}.img -m {memsize} -soundhw es1370 -localtime

Move seamless between host and guest

qemu -hda {name}.img -m {memsize} -soundhw es1370 -localtime -usb -usbdevice tablet

Resize AVI Files (--export_asr 3 is widescreen and --export_asr 2 is fullscreen)

transcode -i INPUT.avi -y ffmpeg,ffmpeg -F mpeg4 -Z 320x,fast --export_asr 2 -o OUTPUT.avi -E 44100,16,2 -b 256

Set Password for MySQL Root

mysqladmin -u root password new-password

Mount an ISO image

mount -o loop -t iso9660 filename.iso /mnt/iso

Create random passwords
- ```
head /dev/urandom | strings
```
Show partions on a drive
- ```
sfdisk -l
```
You want to download all the GIFs from an HTTP directory. The command 'wget http://host/dir/*.gif ' doesn't work, since HTTP retrieval does not support globbing. In that case, use:
- ```
wget -r -l1 --no-parent -A.gif http://host/dir/
```

How to rsync

rsync -r -a -v -e "ssh -l {username}" --delete {remote machine}:/dir /dir

How to check memory

 ps -eo pid,ppid,rss,vsize,pcpu,pmem,cmd -ww --sort=pid

How to search and replace recursively within files

 find . -type f -exec sed -i s/search/replace/g {} +

How to convert Flac to MP3

for file in *.flac; do flac -cd "$file" | lame -h - "${file%.flac}.mp3"; done

GLOBAL REPLACE in the files:

awk '{gsub("call", "mall", $0); print > FILENAME}' *.kumac
change call to mall in all *.kumac files

@@ Line 98: / Line 98: @@
 # How to check 3ware Hardware RAID status:
 #*<pre> tw_cli /c0 show</pre>
+== AWK Search and replace ==
+GLOBAL REPLACE in the files:
+ awk '{gsub("call", "mall", $0); print > FILENAME}' *.kumac
+ change call to mall in all *.kumac files